天然闪锌矿矿物学特征与光催化性能          下载免费PDF全文

沈灿  鲁安怀  谷湘平 《岩石矿物学杂志》2017,36(6):807-816

本文采集了我国19个产地的天然闪锌矿进行矿物学和光催化性能研究。样品皆为立方Zn S结构,化学成分变化较大,其中Fe对闪锌矿中Zn的替代范围为0.235%~14.826%(质量分数,下同),Cd对闪锌矿中Zn的替代范围为0.133%~1.576%。闪锌矿中Fe含量由低到高,导致颜色由浅变深直至呈黑色,半导体禁带宽度由大变小,估算获得天然闪锌矿的禁带宽度范围为3.18~2.28 e V,明显低于纯Zn S禁带宽度3.68 e V,光催化响应均在可见光范围。验证光催化实验结果表明含Fe较低、含Cd较高的天然闪锌矿可见光催化还原降解甲基橙的效果较佳,如可见光下1 g/L闪锌矿样品(含铁4.262%,含镉1.576%)对30 mg/L甲基橙催化反应4 h后的脱色降解率达到82.11%。天然闪锌矿中Fe含量影响着禁带宽度和光响应范围,Cd含量影响着光催化性能,为高附加值开发利用贱金属资源天然闪锌矿提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Culture,demography and biogeography of sponge science: From past conferences to strategic research?          下载免费PDF全文

Christine Hanna Lydia Schönberg 《Marine Ecology》2017,38(2)

Perceived changes in the culture of sponge science and sponge conferences served as motivation for an evaluation of the sponge science community and research, over time and at present. Observed changes included a decrease in proceedings publications on sponge fossils and freshwater sponges, sponges from temperate environments, review papers and data syntheses, frequency of aquarium studies, and number of species investigated per publication. Publications on recent sponges, hexactinellids, calcareans, marine, Indo‐Pacific and warm‐water sponges increased, as well as the number of authors per publication and the proportion of field studies. Studies at the level of specimens and ultrastructure were gradually replaced by molecular approaches, but studies at the community level remained stable. The five sub‐disciplines morphology/taxonomy, phylogeny/evolution, physiology, ecology and faunistics also retained about equal proportions over time. Conference publications related to taxonomy, phylogeny and biodiversity prevailed, whereas those on management and conservation were rare, possibly because studies on sponge recovery, survival and mortality were also scarce. The community of sponge scientists has grown and become more diverse over time, presently representing 72 nations. The gender distribution evened out since the first sponge conference and presently favours women at early and men at late career stages. Although stated research interests are generally dominated by physiology and ecology, taxonomy and evolution are favoured after retirement. Sponge science has become more dynamic, but maybe also more competitive and less inclusive. We now face the dual challenge of safeguarding against the loss of some sub‐disciplines, and fostering the collaborative, helpful culture characteristic of sponge science.  相似文献   

直立式防波堤口门区海啸局部冲刷规律实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈杰  段自豪  崔懿秋  管喆  高清洋  曹城 《海洋通报》2017,36(4):475-480

海啸作为世界上最严重的自然灾害之一,其巨大的破坏力使得近海建筑物遭受了严重的损害。基于波浪水槽实验,开展海啸波作用下不同口门距离的防波堤局部冲刷机理实验研究。实验结果表明,在海啸波越顶水流产生的水跌以及海啸波通过防波堤口门时产生的扰流共同作用下,口门中心线处产生明显的局部冲刷坑,随着口门距离的增加,防波堤局部冲刷先加剧后减弱。建立防波堤局部最大冲刷深度与海啸波波高、防波堤宽度及出水高度、口门间距的关系式,揭示了最大局部冲刷深度与海啸波波高、防波堤尺寸、口门距离的内在关系。  相似文献   

《晋诗》方位词使用情况考察     

刘光明 《广东海洋大学学报》2013,(5):73-77

中古诗歌是研究中古汉语方位词的重要语料。以《晋诗》为切入点,统计方位词出现的频率,全面考察其语法功能和语义特征,并从形式和功能分布的变化上探讨方位词系统从上古到中古的发展,不仅可以管窥中古汉语方位词系统的基本面貌与发展趋势,也有助于揭示汉语方位词发展演变的规律。  相似文献   

2008年汶川8．0级地震前川青块体及邻区地震活动性分析     

张永久 《四川地震》2012,(1):17-23

本文简要分析了2008年5月12日汶川8．0级地震前川青块体及邻区的地震活动性特征。结果表明,汶川地震发生的龙门山断裂本身历史地震活动水平不高,其周边的鲜水河断裂、岷江断裂、虎牙断裂等历史上强震多发;汶川8．0级地震前龙门山断裂带3级以上中小地震活动增强或平静异常现象不明显,地震活动参数值均在正常变化区间内;4级以上地震异常平静,形成了地震空区;2007年底到2008年初位于龙门山断裂带及其附近台站的0．1级以上小震月频度增强明显。  相似文献   

基于语义轨迹停留点的位置服务匹配与应用研究     

齐凌艳  陈荣国  温馨 《地球信息科学学报》2014,16(5):720-726

在位置服务领域,用户轨迹在较大程度上体现了用户的日常行为模式,以及个人生活习惯等。利用GPS终端收集用户行为轨迹数据并加以挖掘分析,对于位置服务实现智能化推送有积极作用。用户行为轨迹的停留点分析是轨迹分析的常见手段之一。本研究首先将用户个性化信息,与轨迹点相关的地标名称等语义信息融入常规用户行为轨迹,形成“位置-语义”一体化的用户语义轨迹。然后,过滤原始轨迹错误点,提高数据精度,并在此基础上采用一种新的加权方法计算轨迹停留点坐标。最后,利用停留点坐标结合用户的兴趣、职业等个人信息,在扩充的POI信息库（包含营业时间、优惠信息等）中检索匹配,并智能化匹配出用户停留点周围的POI,主动向用户推送符合个人兴趣或职业需求的POI详情位置服务。  相似文献   

山东省地区经济差距的地带与产业来源分解   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张红霞  王学真 《地理科学》2014,34(8):955-962

通过利用变异系数法对1989~2012年山东省地区经济差距演变的统计分析和利用Theil指数法对差距来源的结构分解表明,山东省地区经济差距呈现倒“U”型变化轨迹,以东部内部差距为主导的地带内差距和以第二、三产业为主导的产业内差距,构成了1989~2012年山东省经济差距的主要地带来源和产业来源,地带间差距和产业间差距仍不可忽视。根据实证结论,建议政府部门在依地区要素禀赋调整产业布局、促进优势企业跨地区扩张、提高对落后地区的教育扶持等方面加强宏观政策调控,以兼顾地区经济平衡与产业结构优化。  相似文献   

Definition and interests of reciprocity and reciprocity gap principles for groundwater flow problems     

Nejla T. Hariga  Amel Ben Abda  Rachida Bouhlila  Jean-Raynald de Dreuzy 《Advances in water resources》2010

We introduce the reciprocity and reciprocity gap principles for flow problems in hydrogeology and illustrate their interest in addressing identification problems. The reciprocity principle is derived from mechanics and establishes for flow problems a relationship between different sets of forcing terms, including sources, sinks and boundary conditions, and the resulting head fields. The reciprocity gap principle compares different head fields resulting from the same forcing terms applied to different structures. We give general 2D expressions of the reciprocity and reciprocity gap principles for transient flow problems and give two examples of applications for the identification of transmissivity values and interfaces between different transmissivities. Identification capacities of the reciprocity and reciprocity gap principles yielding direct inversion methods could be used as initial guesses for more advanced inverse problem methodologies.  相似文献   

Characteristics of Seismic Activity in a 3-Dimensional Space before the Wen''an Earthquake,Hebei Province by Relocation of Small Earthquakes in the China''s Capital Area     

Xue Yan  Zhou Longquan  Ma Hongsheng  Liu Jie 《中国地震研究》2010,24(4):404-414

Characteristics of seismic activity before the M5.1 earthquake in Wen'an,Hebei Province on July 4,2006 are analyzed by relocation of small earthquakes in the China's capital area,and some results are obtained as follows:① The seismic activity of M L ≥3.0 in the middle part of the Hebei plain seismic belt displayed a feature of strengthening (lasting 43 months) quiescence (17 months) five years before the Wen'an earthquake.Simultaneously,the strain release curve showed a variation process of accelerating-flatting.② A seismogenic gap in a three-dimensional space,located at the depth of 15km ～ 20km,with 70km long in latitude direction and 90km long in longitude orientation,was formed by M≥2.0 earthquakes four years prior to the Wen'an earthquake.The initial rupture point of the Wen'an earthquake is situated at the bottom of the gap.③ The focal depths of earthquakes with M L ≥2.0 in the middle part of the Hebei plain seismic belt gradually increased from 10km to 30km during the period from April,2003 to October,2004.Meanwhile,the seismic activity obviously strengthened in the middle and lower crust (from 20km to 30km in depth).  相似文献   

以菏泽地震为例探讨地震学综合预测方法     

张彬  杨选辉  陆远忠 《地震》2007,27(4):27-35

在前人提出的地震预测方法基础上提出一种地震学综合预测方法。 首先利用动态图像方法(地震条带与地震空区)大致确定潜在地震危险区; 然后利用中、 强地震产生的库仑应力确定孕震区; 最后利用地震矩快速释放模型和相关长度增长模型判断孕震区是否进入短临状态。 在地震三要素预测中, 发挥地震学典型预测方法的优势, 并且对相关性较小的预测方法的预测结论相互对比、 印证, 以便得出更可靠的预测结果。 文中还利用这种综合预测方法对1983年菏泽5.9级做了简略研究, 结果表明这种综合预测方法的预测结果和菏泽地震基本上是一致的。  相似文献